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On the possibility of supercavitation in the quantum ether

On the possibility of supercavitation in the quantum ether

Karl Svozil

Abstract

In this very speculative note some of the conceivable options of supercavitation in the vacuum of quantized field theory are discussed. The resulting modes of propagation could in principle be faster than the velocity of light in unbounded space-time.

Supercavitation is a phenomenon by which an object travels almost frictionless with high velocities inside a gas bubble surrounded by a liquid [1]. So far, supercavitation has mostly been applied to military use.

Whereas folklore claims that relativity theory excludes any sort of ether, the general theory of relativity [2,3] and quantum field theory [4] conceptualize entities, often called ``ground state,'' ``vacuum,'' or ``empty space,'' which resemble the pre-relativistic ``mechanic'' ether in many respects. Thus it is not totally unreasonable to speculate that an analogous phenomenon might also occur in the quantum field theoretic vacuum.

The main issues of supercavitation seems to be to (i) reach and (ii) maintain this state, with the additional desideratum of (iii) flight, in particular direction, control. Let us therefore first discuss conceivable options for the formation of ``bubbles of exotic vacuum,'' and then proceed to their maintenance and guidance.

As regards the initial stage of reaching an environment which might be capable of supercavitating, one candidate would be the formation of a Casimir vacuum between conducting plates [5], which, due to boundary conditions, lacks certain modes of the electromagnetic field. As a consequence, the radiative corrections and the associated renormalized physical entities such as mass, anomalous magnetic moment [6] and the index of refraction [7] are modified. The refractive index n(w) < 1 (w indicates dependence on photon frequency) decreases relative to the refractive index in unbounded space (taken to be unity here), making possible velocities of light v=c/ n(w) > c higher than the speed of light in unbounded vacuum c.

Another possibility would be to consider a squeezed vacuum, or an environment which is characterized by superluminally ``moving'' charge-current patterns; i.e., synchronized arrays of charges acting similar to phase array radar systems. Maybe also certain divergences of rotating electromagnetic fields could be utilized [8].

The maintenance and steering of supercavitation in the quantum ether remains an open question. In the case of a cavity in which a Casimir vacuum is confined it is unclear if this cavity can be engineered to become a dynamical one. So far, mostly static problems have been considered; with perfectly conducting, fixed walls. It may happen, though, that, due to mirror charges or other effects, the boundary of this cavity can become a dynamical interface.

It is an often heard belief that superluminal transfer of information or travel of objects and agents would result in time paradoxes; since then it would be feasible in certain relativistic coordinate frames to ``reverse the flow of time,'' to ``travel to the past,'' and what not. Yet, many chronology protection schemes and remedies of different sorts have been proposed for these scenarios [9,10,11,12], which may make such concerns less troublesome.

A caveat: Let me, instead of a summary, reiterate that this note is very speculative and contains remotely conceivable options for supercavitation in the quantum ether. I am aware that this appears to be impossible to realize with today's scientific and technological means. Nevertheless, if our ancestors had never dreamed of possibilities of sailing faster then the wind or rafting quicker than the currents, then we might not be able to cross the continents, let alone to leave our planet.

References

[1]
Steven Ashley. Warp Drive Underwater, 284:62-71, May 2001. http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?articleID=000CA29B-0EA6-1C70-84A9809EC588EF21.

[2]
Albert Einstein. Äther und Relativitätstheorie. Rede gehalten am 5. Mai 1920 an der Reichs-Universität Leiden. Springer, Berlin, 1920.

[3]
Bryce S. DeWitt. Quantum gravity: the new synthesis. In S. W. Hawking and W. Israel, editors, General Relativity, pages 680-745. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1979.

[4]
Paul A. M. Dirac. Is there an aether? Nature, 168:906-907, 1951.

[5]
Peter W. Milonni. The Quantum Vacuum. Academic Press, San Diego, 1994.

[6]
Maximilian Kreuzer and Karl Svozil. Qed between conducting plates: Corrections to radiative mass and g-2. Physical Review D, 34:1429-1437, 1986. http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRD/v34/p1429.

[7]
K. Scharnhorst. Physics Letters, B236:354, 1990.

[8]
Houshang Ardavan. A speed-of-light barrier in classical electrodynamics. Physical Review D, 29(2):207-215, January 1984. http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRD/v29/p207.

[9]
Kurt Gödel. A remark about the relationship between relativity theory and idealistic philosophy. In Paul A. Schilpp, editor, Albert Einstein, Philosopher-Scientist, pages 555-561. Tudor Publishing Company, New York, 1949. Reprinted in [13,pp. 202-207].

[10]
Erasmo Recami. Superluminal motions? a bird's-eye view of the experimental situation. Foundation of Physics, 31(7):1119-1135, 2001.

[11]
Paul J. Nahin. Time Travel (Second edition). AIP Press and Springer, New York, 1998.

[12]
Karl Svozil. Conventions in relativity theory and quantum mechanics. Foundations of Physics, 32:479-502, 2002. e-print arXiv:quant-ph/0110054.

[13]
Kurt Gödel. In S. Feferman, J. W. Dawson, Jr., S. C. Kleene, G. H. Moore, R. M. Solovay, and J. van Heijenoort, editors, Collected Works. Publications 1938-1974. Volume II. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1990.




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